짜 리 (jjari) is a noun that comes after nouns that indicate amount, size, or price and modifies the noun that follows it. The noun that comes before 짜리 (jjari) expresses how much, how long, how big, how expensive, or even how old the following noun is.
Formation
Nouns indicating amount, size, or price + 짜리
만원 (man-won) "a hundred thousand won"
5미터 (o-miteo) "five meters"
1시간 (han-sigan) "one hour"
+ 짜리
= 만원 짜리, 5미터 짜리, 1시간 짜리, and etc...
Examples
1. 만원 (manwon/10,000 won) + 짜리 (jjari) + 시계 (sigye)"watch"
만원 짜리 시계
"a ten-thousand-won watch"
2. 한 시간 (han sigan/1 hour) + 짜리 (jjari) + 수업 (sueop) "class"
한 시간 짜리 수업
"a one-hour class"
3. 30센치 (samsip-senchi/30 cm) + 짜리 (jjari) + 자 (ja) "ruler"
30센치 짜리 자
"a 30-centimeter ruler"
Example Sentences
500원 짜리 음료수
obaek-won jjari eumryosu
"a beverage that costs 500 won"
만원 짜리 티셔츠
man-won jjari tisyeocheu
"a t-shirt that costs 10,000 won"
10일 짜리 여행 코스
sip-il jjari tueo koseu
"a ten-day tour course"
열 살 짜리 꼬마
yeol sal jjari kkoma
"a ten-year-old kid"
10미터 짜리 김밥
sip-miteo jjari gimbap
"a ten-meter long kimbap"
>
>
중 에서 (jung-eseo) means "among," "between," or "out of," and it is often used together with the word 가장 or 제일. The last letter, 서 (seo) is often dropped in colloquial speech, and the word becomes 중에 (jung-e). 중 comes from the Chinese character 中 (중), which means center or middle. So together with the location particle '에서,' 중에서 (center + at) has the meaning "among/between".
Formation
Noun + 중에서
Ex) 이 학생들 (i haksaengdeul - these students)
- 이 학생들 + 중에서 = 이 학생들 중에서 (among these students)
Ex) 둘 (dul - two)
- 둘 + 중에서 = 둘 중에서 (between these two)
Example Sentences
1. 영화, 책, 만화 중에 뭐를 가장 많이 봐? [보다] (yeonghwa, chaek, manhwa jung-e mwo-reul gajang mani bwa?)
- Among, movies, books, and cartoons, what do you watch the most?
2. 엄마 아빠 중에 누가 더 좋아? [좋다] (eomma appa jung-e nuga deo joa?)
- Who do you like more, mom or dad?
3. 이효리, 김태희, 이영애 중에 누가 가장 예뻐요? [예쁘다] (ihyori, gimtaehui, iyeongae jung-e nuga gajang yeppyeoyo?)
- Out of Lee Hyori, Kim Taehui, and Lee Yeongae, who is the prettiest?
4. 친구 중에 컴퓨터 잘 하는 사람 있어요? [잘 하다] (chingu jung-e keompyuteo jal haneun saram isseoyo?)
- Among your friends, do you have anyone who's good with computers?
5. 오늘하고 내일 중에 언제가 좋아요? [좋다] (oneul-hago naeil jung-e eonje-ga joayo?)
- Between today and tomorrow, when is good?
Notes
Often the last letter, '서' drops in colloquial situations.
We use possessive pronouns to attribute ownership of an object to someone. Like any other pronoun, these replace the nouns. We use different possessive pronouns according to the speaker’s relationship with the listener. Humbling pronouns, neutral pronouns, and intimate pronouns, all indicate the relationship between the listener and the speaker.
Formation
In reality, possessive pronouns are a contraction of pronouns and the possessive particle.
- 제 =저의 (jeo-ui) -저 + 의
first person humbling pronoun + possessive particle
We use 제 (je) to humble oneself in the presence of someone the speaker respects. - 내 =나의 (na-ui) -나 + 의
informal first person pronoun + possessive particle
We use 내 (nae) in informal contexts where the speaker feels that 제 (je) is too polite and inappropriate for the relationship with the listener. We use 내 (nae) when the speaker does not feel the need to show the highest respect to the listener. - 니 = 너의 (neo-ui) - 너 + 의
informal second person pronoun + possessive particle
We use 니 (ni) in informal contexts when the speaker feels very comfortable with the listener and the power relationship is at least equal. We commonly use it when the speaker has the upper hand in the relationship. - 저희 = 저희 + 의 - 저희(의)
humbling first person plural noun + (possessive particle)
We actually drop the possessive particle for this possessive pronoun (as we
do in many cases.) We use this possessive particle in formal situations such
as when the speaker does not know the listener well, or when the listener holds much of the power in the relationship. - 우리 = 우리 + 의 - 우리(의)
intimate first person plural pronoun + (possessive particle)
We actually drop the possessive particle for this possessive pronoun (as we
do in many cases.) We use this possessive particle in informal situations when the speaker feels that 저희 (jeohui) is too polite.
Example Sentences
- 제 친구가 호주에 살아요.
je chingu-ga hoju-e sarayo.
“My friend lives in Australia.” - 내 차가 죽었어.
nae cha-ga jukeosseo.
“My car broke down (died).” - 니 연필 줘.
ni yeonpil jwo.
“Give me your pencil.” - 우리 집은 넓어.
uri jib-eun neolbeo.
“My home is big.” (neutral/intimate) - 저희 집은 좁아요.
jeohui jip-eun jobayo.
“My home is small.” (polite)
Related Expressions
Personal Pronouns
ليست هناك تعليقات:
إرسال تعليق